OBJECTIVE | HUMAN DISEASEFlame Institute

The toxic substances produced by the foreign bodies are known as

(a) Antibodies (b) Allergens

Lymphocytes secrete a protein which causes the dilation of blood vessels. The protein is

(a) Pyrogens (b) Histamine

Lacking of B–cells and T–cells is known as

(a) Toxigenicity (b) Autoimmunity

B–cells are lymphocytes which produce the humoral immunity. These cells are produced by

(a) Liver (b) Spleen

T–cells are lymphocytes which produce the cellular immunity. These are developed from [MP PMT 2003]

(a) Thymus

(b) Liver

(d) Endothelium of blood vessels

The cells which suppress the entire immune system from its attack in the same body are known as

(a) Helper T–cells (b) Killer B–cells

The binding of antibodies to the antigens to produce a large insoluble complex is known as

(a) Antibody–antigen complex

(b) Agglutination

(d) Suppressor cell reaction

The immune system which works against self is

[MP PMT 2003]

(a) Self immune system (b) Autoimmunity

The immunity obtained after the body has recovered from a disease is [AFMC 1985; MP PMT 1996]

(a) Active immunity (b) Passive immunity

AIDS is caused by [BHU 1986; MP PMT 1996]

(a) Blood cancer (b) HTLV–III

When an organ is transplanted and is rejected by the body, the lymphocytes are produced by [BHU 1986, 88]

(a) T–cells (b) B–cells

Passive immunity can be obtained by injecting

[CPMT 1983, 92; DPMT 1986]

(a) Antigens

(b) Antibodies

(d) Vaccination having weakened germs

Immune deficiency syndrome in human could develop as a consequence of [AIIMS 1987]

(a) AlDS virus infection (b) Defective liver

First triple antigen vaccination is given to the child at the age of

(a) One month (b) Three month

Edward Jenner discovered [BHU 1982; KCET 2001]

(a) Vaccination against polio

(b) Immunization against polio

(d) Immunization against small pox

Which of the following is primarily concerned with protection against germs [CPMT 1984]

(a) Liver (b) Lymphatic tissue

A scientist associated with ‘antibiotic’ is [NCERT 1984]

(a) Brown (b) Flemming

After vaccination the body builds up [NCERT 1984]

(a) Toxins (b) Lymph

Humoral immunity is due to

[BHU 1985; Pb. PMT 2000; Orissa PMT 2002]

(a) B–lymphocytes (b) T–lymphocytes

The poisons produced in the body by bacteria are called

(a) Toxins (b) Antitoxins

After infection of germs immunity acquired is

[DPMT 1986; AFMC 1986]

(a) Active immunity (b) Passive immunity

Antibody formation and immunity production is done by a protein called globulin present in the [AIIMS 1993]

(a) Stroma of RBC (b) Haemoglobin of RBC

Study of interaction of antigens and antibodies in the blood is [CMC Vellore 1993]

(a) Cryobiology (b) Serology

An antibody is [DPMT 1982; MP PMT 1996]

(a) Molecule that specifically inactivates an antigen

(b) WBC which invades bacteria

(d) Component of blood

Which part of the body is known as ‘Police guard‘

(a) Tonsils (b) Liver

AIDS virus has [MP PMT 1994, 2003]

(a) Single stranded RNA (b) Double stranded RNA

Which one of the following produces AIDS [MP PMT 1994]

(a) HTLV–1 (b) HTLV–2

The principle of sterilization is based upon experiment carried by

(a) A.I. Oparin (b) S.L. Miller

An antigen is

(a) Opposite to an antibody

(b) Residue of an antibody

(d) Result of antibody

Anaphylactic shock is due to

(a) Allergic reaction (b) Secretion of toxins

Myasthenia gravis is due to

(a) Auto–antigens (b) Antigens

AlDS from India was reported in

(a) 1987 (b) 1986

Antihistamine pills are to nullify

(a) Allergic reaction (b) Malaria

Some people who have suffered from a disease may not be affected again during their life time; such immunity is called

(a) Natural immunity (b) Acquired immunity

Which of the glands is often referred in relation with AIDS

[BHU 1995]

(a) Thyroid (b) Thymus

How does AIDS virus enter into man [MP PMT 1995]

(a) Through food (b) Through kissing

Sensitivity to any allergen is related to [CBSE PMT 1996]

(a) Deviation from the process of immunity

(b) Age of the person

(d) Rise in environmental temperature

Passive immunity was discovered by [CBSE PMT 1996]

(a) Robert Koch (b) L. Pasteur

Antibodies fight against

(a) Infection (b) Thirst

Which of the following is responsible for cellular immunity

(a) B–lymphocyte (b) T–lymphocyte

HIV causes reduction in [MP PMT 1997; BHU 2000]

(a) T-helper cells only (b) All T-cells

A molecule that elicits an immune response is called

[MP PMT 1997]

(a) Antibody (b) Antigen

Vaccines are prepared from immune [MP PMT 1998]

(a) Vitamins (b) Blood

AIDS can be transmitted by [MP PMT 1998]

(a) Blood circulation (b) Hand shake

The antibodies are [MP PMT 1998]

(a) Egamma–globulins (b) Albumins

The factor responsible for cirrhosis of liver is [MP PMT 1998]

(a) Sugar (b) Vitamins

Full form of AIDS is [MP PMT 1999]

(a) Anti immune deficiency syndrome

(b) Auto immune deficiency syndrome

(d) Acquired immune disease symptom

AIDS causing factors are associated with [MP PMT 1999]

(a) RNA virus (b) DNA virus

The term ’active immunity’ means

[CBSE PMT 1999; BHU 1999]

(a) Resistance developed after disease

(b) Resistance developed before disease

(d) Increasing quantity of blood

The antibodies are [CBSE PMT 1999; BHU 2000]

(a) Lipids (b) Germs

The AIDS test is known as [DPMT 2003; BVP 2004]

(a) ELISA (b) Australian antigen

Which one of the following pairs of disease can spread through blood transfusion [AIEEE 2004]

(a) Cholera and hepatitis

(b) Hepatitis and AIDS

(d) Hay fever and AIDS

‘ELISA’ test is done for the diagnosis of [Pb. PMT 2004]

(a) Anthrax (b) HIV

Humoral immunity is due to

[BHU 1985; Pb. PMT 2000; Orissa PMT 2002, 04]

(a) B-lymphocytes (b) T-lymphocytes

The term”antibiotic” was coined by

[MH-CET 2000; CBSE PMT 2003;

BHU 2004; Pb. PMT 2004]

(a) Alexander fleming (b) Edward Jenner

Which cell of immune system cause pore formation at the surface of the plasma membrane [Orissa JEE 2004]

(a) Helper T-cell (b) Killer T-cell

HIV virus affects …… in AIDS patient

[Orissa JEE 2004]

(a) Cytotoxit T-cell (b) M-N cell

AIDS is characterised by a sharp reduction is [AFMC 2004]

(a) Helper T-cells (b) Killer T-Cells

Antibodies are produced by [AIEEE 2004]

(a) Erythrocytes (b) Thrombocytes

Alexender Flemming in 1929 discovered [Pb. PMT 2004]

(a) Penicillin (b) Streptomycin

AIDS is caused by HIV that principally infects

[CBSE PMT 2005]

(a) All lymphocytes (b) Activator B cells

C.G. vaccine is used against [AFMC 2002, 05]

(a) T.B. (b) Leprosy

Rishikesh is famous for the production of [AIIMS 2004]

(a) Antibiotics (b) Heavy electricals

DPT vaccine is given for [Pb. PMT 2004]

(a) Tetanus, polio, plague

(b) Diphtheria, whooping cough and leprosy

(d) Diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus

Certain compounds are released by the WBC which raise the body temperature. These compounds are known as

[RPMT 2001]

(a) Pyrogens (b) Histamines

The cells which directly attack and destroy the antigens are known as

(a) Helper T–cells (b) Killer T–cells

Recognition and digestion by the phagocytes due to the coated surface of antigens by the antibodies is known as

(a) Opsonization

(b) Immunization

(d) B–cells immunization reaction

When the children without T–cells and B–cells are kept in germ free isolation suits, then the disease is

(a) Immunity less hybrids

(b) Anti–antigens immune system

(d) None of these

Active immunity is obtained by [BHU 1986]

(a) Antibodies

(b) Weakened germs infection

(d) None of these

Booster dose of triple antigen vaccination is given to the child at the age of

(a) One year (b) Two year

One good example of an ’antiseptic’ is [CPMT 1983]

(a) Bordeaux mixture

(b) DDT

(d) Hydrocyanic acid gas

Injections of antitoxin or toxoid serum is given to prevent

(a) Diphtheria (b) Small pox

The phenomenon that led to the discovery of penicillin involves [NCERT 1983]

(a) Biological antagonism (b) Genotype competition

Thalidomide is a non-barbiturate sedative drug which was to be given to pregnant women. Its use was withdrawn in 1961 because it resulted in phocomelia. This condition illustrates

[CBSE PMT 1988]

(a) Early abortion of foetus

(b) Poor development of foetus

(d) Erythroblastosis foetalis

AIDS related complex (ARC) is a disease which leads to fever, swollen lymph nodes, night sweats, loss in weight etc. represents [MP PMT 1994]

(a) Severe form of AIDS (b) Initial form of AIDS

Which of the following disease is due to an allergic reaction

[AIIMS 1998; AFMC 2002]

(a) Goitre (b) Enteric fever

Hormone produced against allergic reaction is [AFMC 1997]

(a) Epinephrine (b) Nor-epinephrine

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

[CBSE PMT 2004; AIIMS 2004]

(a) Is caused by a variant of Pneumococcus

(b) Is caused by a variant of the common cold virus (corona virus)

(d) Affects non-vegetarians much faster than the vegetarians

Which immunoglobulin is the largest in size

[Orissa JEE 2004]

(a) (b)

If interferon is being produced in the body of a sick person, the person is most likely to be suffering form[CPMT 2004]

(a) Typhoid (b) Malaria

A person is injected with globulin against hepatitis. This is

[BVP 2004]

(a) Artificially acquired passive immunity

(b) Artificially acquired active immunity

(d) Naturally acquired passive immunity

Which is an auto immune disease [Orissa JEE 2004]

(a) Cancer (b) Asthma

ELISA is used to detect viruses, where [CPMT 2004]

(a) Alkaline phosphatase is the key reagent

(b) Catalase is the key reagent

(d) Southern blotting is done

Allergy involves[BCECE (Bihar) 2005]

(a) IgE (b) IgG

Read the assertion and reason carefully to mark the correct option out of the options given below :

(a) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion

(b) If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion

(c) If the assertion is true but the reason is false

(d) If both the assertion and reason are false

(e) If the assertion is false but reason is true

Assertion : Myaesthemia gravis is autoimmune disease.

Reason : Immune system rejects the transplant muscles.

Assertion : SCID is a primary immunodeficiency.

Reason : It is a serious congenital immunodeficiency.

Assertion : AIDS can be diagnosed immediately after HIV – infection by ELISA test.

Reason : Large number of antibodies are formed spontaneously.

Assertion : HIV causes cellular immunodeficiency.

Reason : HIV kills both B – lymphocytes and helper T – lymphocytes.

Assertion : The spread of AIDS can be prevented by life long monogamy and use of disposable syringe.

Reason : AIDS spreads through heterosexuality and contaminated syringes.

Assertion : Anit – AIDS vaccines are being developed in USA.

Reason : These vaccines may be used to control HIV infection in India.

Assertion : In organ transplantation, donor and recipient should be genetically as close as possible.

Reason : In immunosuppression, immune system rejects the transplanted organ.

Assertion : Immunosuppressants should be avoided.

Reason : These drugs make the body high susceptible to a number of infectious diseases.

Assertion : Chlamydiosis is most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease.

Reason : It can be easily differentiated from gonocococcal urethritis.

Assertion : HIV infection can be avoided by use of condoms.

Reason : Condoms secrete anti-viral interferons.

Assertion : AIDS spreads more rapidly than the hepatitis.

Reason : HIV has shorter incubation period than that of HBV.

Assertion : Genital herpes cannot be cured.

Reason : Genital herpes can be inhibited by Acyclovir.

Assertion : STDs are also called silent diseases.

Reason : These remain asymptomatic during early stages.

General

1	d	2	d	3	c	4	b	5	a
6	c	7	b	8	d	9	b	10	d
11	c	12	b	13	a	14	c	15	b
16	d	17	d	18	a	19	d	20	a
21	b	22	a	23	b	24	a	25	b
26	a	27	b	28	c	29	b	30	b
31	c	32	a	33	a	34	a	35	c
36	b	37	a	38	a	39	a	40	d
41	c	42	c	43	a	44	a	45	b
46	a	47	b	48	b	49	d	50	a
51	d	52	a	53	b	54	a	55	b
56	c	57	c	58	a	59	d	60	c
61	a	62	a	63	c	64	a	65	b
66	b	67	a	68	d	69	b	70	d
71	a	72	d	73	a	74	c	75	a
76	a	77	d

Critical Thinking Questions

1	a	2	b	3	a	4	c	5	b
6	a	7	c	8	b	9	a	10	c
11	b	12	d	13	a	14	b	15	d
16	c	17	a	18	c	19	a	20	a

Assertion and Reason

1	c	2	a	3	d	4	c	5	a
6	c	7	b	8	a	9	c	10	c
11	d	12	b	13	a

General

(c) Booster dose is that amount of immunigen usually smaller than the original amount given for the duration of immunity.
(c) Edward Jenner of Britain in 1796 showed that vaccination with cowpox protects individuals from small pox.
(b) Sir Alexander Flemming (1881–1955) of Britain discovered the first antibiotic `penicillin‘ in 1929. He was awarded Nobel prize for the same in 1945.
(b) Thymus is an important gland in the early part of human life and forms T–lymphocytes. It is referred in relation to AIDS because AIDS virus destroyes T–lymphocytes.

Critical Thinking

(c) Phocomelia is the congenital absence of the proximal portion of a limb or limbs, the hands or feet being attached to the trunk by a small irregularly–shaped bone.

Assertion and Reason

(c) Autoimmunity is a type of disorder when the immune system of an individual starts rejecting its own body cells or self. This leads to a variety of disease called autoimmune diseases. If the self antigens are muscle cells, then immune system destroys own muscles cells and causes myasthemia gravis characterized by severe weakness.
(a) Severe combined Immuno – deficiency (SCID) is the most serious congential immuno-deficiency of children so called primary immunodeficiency.
(c) The use of condoms has been shown to decrease the transmission AIDS because condoms is contraceptic.

(393)