The asexual process replaced by the sexual method is known as [CPMT 1982]
(a) Semigamy (b) Amphimixis
(c) Apospory (d) Apomixis
In all the methods of asexual reproduction
(a) Offsprings produced are genetically identical to the parents
(b) Offsprings produced are genetically different from the parents
(c) Offsprings produced may or may not be identical to the parents
(d) None of the above
A person which shows the secondary sexual characters of both male and female is called
[CBSE PMT 1996; BHU 1999]
(a) Intersex (b) Hermaphrodite
(c) Bisexual (d) Gynandromorph
In sexual reproduction, offsprings resemble the parents
(a) Structurally but not functionally
(b) Functionally but not structurally
(c) Both structurally and functionally
(d) Neither structurally nor functionally
The polyestrous mammal is [CPMT 1988]
(a) Man (b) Rabbit
(c) Cat (d) Horse
Viviparity is found in [CPMT 1982, 89]
(a) Frog (b) Lizard
(c) Snake (d) Rabbit
Common method of asexual reproduction is by
(a) Regeneration (b) Budding
(c) Archeocytes (d) Gemmulation
Asexual reproduction takes place in
(a) Higher animals (b) Lower animals
(c) Plants (d) All the above
As a result of binary fission number of individuals produced by one fission is
(a) Two (b) Three
(c) Four (d) Five
An alternation of asexual and sexual generations where both the generations are diploid and the haploid stage is represented only by the gametes is called
(a) Alternation of generation (b) Metagenesis
(c) Paedogenesis (d) Parthenogenesis
Differentiation in morphology of the two sexes of the same species is called
(a) Hermaphrodite (b) Heteromorphosis
(c) Sexual dimorphism (d) Unisexual
Fertilization is internal in [MP PMT 2000]
(a) Toads (b) Frogs
(c) Dog fish (d) Cat fish
The croaking sounds made by frogs is [CPMT 2000]
(a) Hunger call
(b) Just a musical note
(c) Signaling call of danger
(d) Sex call for female partner
Which type of reproduction is found in Hydra [RPMT 2000]
(a) Polyembryony (b) Sexual and asexual
(c) Parthenogenesis (d) Encystment
Gemmule formation in sponges is helpful in [AIIMS 2001]
(a) Parthenogenesis (b) Sexual reproduction
(c) Only dissemination (d) Asexual reproduction
Which is mode of reproduction in Amoeba [RPMT 2001]
(a) Binary fission only
(b) Binary fission and multiple fission
(c) Binary fission and conjugation
(d) Multiple fission only
Which of the following shows the sexual dimorphism
[RPMT 2001]
(a) Hydra and Ascaris (b) Hydra and Oryctolagus
(c) Ascaris and Pheretima (d) Ascaris and Oryctolagus
Drones in a colony of honey bees originate by [BHU 2002]
In Earthworms, self fertilization does not occur due to
[BVP 2000]
(a) Hypogyny (b) Protogyny
(c) Protandry (d) Epigyny
In some species parthenogenesis may alternate with sexual reproduction this process is called
(a) Complete parthenogenesis
(b) Incomplete or cyclic parthenogenesis
(c) Both the above
(d) None of the above
Haploid parthenogenesis among insects is shown by order
(a) Hymenoptera (b) Homoptera
(c) Coleoptera (d) All the above
Natural parthenogenesis occurs in [BHU 1995, 2004]
(a) Frog to form female
(b) Honeybee to produce drones
(c) Cockroach
(d) Vegetarian eggs
Male reproductive system
Cryptorchidism is the condition in man when
[CBSE PMT 1990]
(a) There are two testis in each scrotum
(b) Testis do not descent into the scrotum
(c) Testis enlarge in the scrotum
(d) Testis degenerate in the scrotum
Bulbourethral gland is also known as
(a) Prostate gland (b) Cowper’s gland
(c) Perineal gland (d) Meibomian gland
Which of the following is an accessory reproductive gland in male mammals [CPMT 1988; MP PMT 1988; MH CET 2004]
(a) Prostate gland (b) Gastric gland
(c) Mushroom shaped gland (d) Inguinal gland
Cowper’s glands are present in [CPMT 1989]
(a) Female mammals (b) Male mammals
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None
Seminiferous tubules develop central lumen after
[DPMT 1987]
(a) Birth (b) Prepuberal time
(c) Puberty (d) Old age
There are some special types of cells found in the seminiferous tubules known as sertoli cells. These are
[CBSE PMT 1992]
(a) Germinal cells (b) Reproductive cells
(c) Somatic cells (d) Protective cells
There is a connective tissue cord extending between the testis and abdominal wall called [CPMT 1990]
(a) Testis cord (b) Gubernaculum
(c) Mesentric cord (d) Spermatic cord
The elastic tissue connecting the cauda epididymis to the scrotal sac is [CPMT 1991]
(a) Gubernaculum (b) Tendinous cord
(c) Scrotal ligament (d) Caput epididymis
The seminiferous tubules of the testis are lined by the germinal epithelium consisting of [CPMT 1991]
(a) Cells of Sertoli (b) Spermatocytes
(c) Spermatogonium (d) Spermatids
By the contraction of spermatic cord the testis of man are not taken to the abdominal cavity. It is due to the following structure
(a) Narrowness of inguinal canal
(b) Attachment of testis by gubernaculum testis to the scrotal sac only
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Fat bodies and gubernaculum present over the testis
Which cells in the testis secrete testosterone
[MP PMT 1992; CBSE PMT 2001;
BVP 2001;BHU 2001, 04]
(a) Interstitial cells or cells of Leydig
(b) Cells of the germinal epithelium
(c) Sertoli cells
(d) Secondary spermatocytes
If the vas deferens of a man is surgically disconnected
[MP PMT 1993]
(a) Sperms in the semen will be without nuclei
(b) Semen will be without sperms
(c) Spermatogenesis will not occur
(d) Sperms in the semen will be non-motile
The capsule enclosing testis of mammal is called as
[CPMT 1990; MP PMT 1993]
(a) Tunica albuginea (b) Tunica membrana
(c) Tunica vaginalis (d) Tunica vesculosa
The abdominal passage which connects the abdominal cavity with the scrotal sac in mammals is known as
[AFMC 1975; CPMT 1987]
(a) Spermatic canal (b) Neurenteric canal
(c) Inguinal canal (d) Haversion canal
If Cowper’s glands are removed. They will affect
(a) Erection of penis (b) Sperms
(c) Sex recognition (d) Sexual behaviour
Gubernaculum cordis is a contractile structure that
[CMC Vellore 1993]
(a) Pulls down the testis during breeding season into the scrotal sac
(b) Allows daily migration of the testis from the abdominal cavity into the scrotum
(c) Facilitates ejaculation of spermatozoa from the testis
(d) Keeps the testis in position
In man the two vasa deferentia open into
(a) Urinary bladder (b) Rectum
(c) Urethra (d) Penis
Testicular degeneration and other disorders of reproductive system in mammals are due to the deficiency of
[AFMC 1991]
(a) Vitamin (b) Vitamin
(c) Vitamin (d) Vitamin
Cowper’s gland is present in [MP PMT 1994, 95]
(a) Cockroach (b) Rabbit
(c) Earthworm (d) Frog
Testis and ovary lie
(a) Dorsal to kidney (b) Ventral to kidney
(c) Lateral to kidney (d) Diagonal to kidney
The male sex hormone ‘testosterone‘ is secreted by special Leydig’s cells present in
(a) Kidneys
(b) Seminiferous tubules of testes
(c) Connective tissue surrounding the seminiferous tubules of testes
(d) Cells lining the epidermis of the testes
Which of the following statement is incorrect about Leydig cells
(a) They are abundant in early foetal life
(b) Gradually diminish during childhood
(c) Increase at puberty
(d) Absent in old age
The seminal fluid coagulates on ejaculation due to
(a) Sodium contents from prostatic secretion
(b) Sodium contents from Cowper’s glands
(c) Calcium and fibrinogen contents from prostatic secretion
(d) Secretions of epididymis
Composition of semen is
(a) Secretion of the testes and epididymis
(b) Secretions of the seminal vesicles
(c) Secretions of prostate gland and bulbo-urethral glands
(d) All the above
Each epididymis consists of a single tightly coiled tube whose length is about
(a) (b)
(c) (d) None of these
Ejaculation of semen
(a) Involves rhythmic contractions of striated muscles
(b) Is aided by sympathetic nerve activity
(c) Coincides with feeling of organisms
(d) All the above
The narrow middle part of the epididymis is called
(a) Caput epididymis (b) Cauda epididymis
(c) Corpus epididymis (d) All the above
Sperms become non-motile in the vagina in
(a) Less than 60 minutes (b) More than 60 minutes
(c) 120 minutes (d) 25–30 hours
The fold of skin covering the penis is called
(a) Corpora covernosa (b) Corpus spongiosum
(c) Prepuce (d) None of these
Functions of seminal fluid is/are
(a) Maintains the viability of sperms
(b) Maintains motility of sperms
(c) Provides proper and ionic strength
(d) All the above
In which animal the testes are abdominal during embryonic stages but migrate to scrotum just before birth where they remain throughout life
(a) Elephants (b) Men
(c) Rats (d) Whales
Ducts leading from the testes of rabbit are called
(a) Genital ducts (b) Spermatic ducts
(c) Urinary ducts (d) Vasa efferentia
The scrotal sac of a male mammal is homologous to
(a) Clitoris (b) Labia majora
(c) Vagina (d) Uterus
Which of the following is similar in function to Cowper’s gland
(a) Bartholin’s gland (b) Perineal gland
(c) Prostate gland (d) Rectal gland
Testes in rabbit are [MP PMT 1995]
(a) Inside the body
(b) On the sides of the kidneys
(c) In scrotal sacs
(d) On either side of dorsal aorta
Supporting cells found in between the germinal epithelium of testes are called [MP PMT 1996, 2002]
(a) Interstitial cells of Leydig (b) Sertoli cells
(c) Granular cells (d) Phagocytes
The testes of a great majority of mammals are typically enclosed in an extra abdominal sac, the scrotum. The temperature inside the scrotum is lower than that in the abdomen. What will happen if the temperature of the scrotum is artificially maintained to the level of abdominal temperature
(a) The germinal epithelium will produce a large quantity of androgen secretion
(b) The germinal epithelium of the testes will divide faster, thus producing more sperms
(c) The germinal epithelium of the testes will degenerate, resulting in sterility
(d) The germinal epithelium will carry out normal spermatogenesis
From the seminiferous tubules the spermatozoa pass into
(a) Epididymis (b) Vas deferens
(c) Seminal vesicle (d) Rete testis
Seminiferous tubules are found in
[MP PMT 1998; BVP 2004]
(a) Testis (b) Ovary
(c) Kidney (d) Lung
Cells of leydig are found in [CPMT 1998]
(a) Kidney of rabbit (b) Kidney of frog
(c) Testis of frog (d) Testis of rabbit
Bidder’s canal is found in [AFMC 1999]
(a) Testes of frog (b) Kidney of frog
(c) Ovary of mammal (d) Kidney of mammal
Sertoli cells are found in [RPMT 1999; Haryana PMT 2005]
(a) Kidney of rabbit (b) Ovary of frog
(c) Testes of rabbit (d) Ovary of rabbit
In rabbit, head of the epididymis present at the head of the testis is called [KCET 2000; CPMT 2000; BHU 2004]
(a) Vas deferens (b) Cauda epididymis
(c) Gubernaculum (d) Caput epididymis
Which of the following is the endocrine tissue of testes
[Pb. PMT 2000]
(a) Epidermis (b) Inguinal canal
(c) Leydig cells (d) Spermatic cord
Phallic organs in cockroach are related to [BHU 2001]
(a) Male excretory system
(b) Male reproductive system
(c) Female excretory system
(d) Female reproductive system
In which of the following organism testes descends into scrotum in breeding season but in non-breeding season goes up [AFMC 2004]
(a) Frog (b) Kangaroo
(c) Shrew (d) Bat
In most mammals, the testes are located in scrotal sac for
[MHCET 2003]
(a) Spermatogenesis
(b) Sex differentiation
(c) More space to visceral organs
(d) Indepndent functioning of kidney
ICSH acts on[MHCET 2004]
(a) Spermatogonia (b) Nurse cells
(c) Leydig cells (d) Primary spermatocytes
Cauda epididymis leads to [MHCET 2004]
(a) Vas efferens (b) Vas deferens
(c) Ejaculatory duct (d) Rete testis
Heterogametic male condition does not occur in
[MHCET 2004]
(a) Birds (b) Humans
(c) Drosophila (d) Honey bee
The function of prostate gland is [Wardha 2005]
(a) Storage of semen
(b) Provide motility to sperms
(c) Formation of semen
(d) Release of hormones
Female reproductive system
The stroma of the ovary consists of nerves, blood vessels, muscle fibres and a type of protein called [CPMT 1992]
(a) Collagen (b) Albumin
(c) Globulin (d) Fibrin
The nutritive medium for the ejaculated sperms is given by
[CPMT 1992]
(a) Seminal fluid (b) Vaginal fluid
(c) Uterine lining (d) Fallopian tube
In female mammals Bartholin’s glands open into the
[AFMC 1986]
(a) Vestibule and release a lubricating fluid in the vagina
(b) Uterus and release a lubricating fluid during the birth of young ones
(c) Urinary bladder and assist in release of urine
(d) Fallopian tubes and release a secretion which makes sperms motile
The seminal vesicle or uterus masculinus in rabbit is found at the junction of [CPMT 1980]
(a) Prostate and Cowper’s glands
(b) Prostate and vasa deferens
(c) Prostate and urethra
(d) Vasa deferens and testis
In female rabbit, the expanded proximal part of the oviduct is known as [DPMT 1985]
(a) Uterus (b) Vagina
(c) Vestibule (d) Fimbricated funnel
The mammalian follicle was first described by
[CBSE PMT 1990]
(a) Von Baer (b) de Graaf
(c) Robert Brown (d) Spallanzil
If after ovulation no pregnancy results, the corpus luteum
[MP PMT 1989]
(a) Is maintained by the presence of progesterone
(b) Degenerates in a short time
(c) Becomes active and secretes lot of FSH and LH
(d) Produces lot of oxytocin and relaxin
Graafian follicle are characteristically found in the
[DPMT 1982; CPMT 1974, 78, 81, 89;
BHU 1985; Haryana PMT 2005]
(a) Thyroid of mammal (b) Ovary of frog
(c) Testis of mammal (d) Ovary of mammal
The layer of cells immediately surrounding the ovum but outside the zona pellucida is called [CPMT 1987]
(a) Corona radiata (b) Membrana granulosa
(c) Theca interna (d) Germinal epithelium
The membrane investing the ovum just outside the membrana granulosa is [CPMT 1989]
(a) Zona pellucida (b) Theca interna
(c) Vitelline membrane (d) Discus proligerous
After ovulation the graafian follicle becomes an endocrine organ called [CPMT 1989]
Bartholin’s glands in rabbit are found in [MP PMT 1992]
(a) Male and produce a viscous alkaline fluid which neutralizes acidity in the urethra
(b) Male and produce the clear liquid part of the spermatic fluid
(c) Female and produce the hormone estrogen which regulates secondary sexual characters
(d) Female and produce a clear fluid which lubricates the vestibule during copulation
In mammals the ovary is primarily concerned with
(a) Production of hormone
(b) Production of ovum
(c) Development of secondary sexual characters
(d) All of the above
Graafian follicles are produced by the ovary by the process of
(a) Oogenesis (b) Folliculargenesis
(c) Ovulation (d) Oogenolysis
The structure which attaches the ovaries with the dorsal wall is known as
(a) Wolffian body (b) Mesovarium
(c) Mesorchium (d) Fimbricated body
Ovulation in mammals is caused by
[AIIMS 1990; Wardha 2005]
(a) FSH and TSH (b) FSH and LH
(c) FSH and LTH (d) LTH and LH
Which one of the following statement is correct
[MP PMT 1992]
(a) Albumen covering eggs of frog swells and forms protective jelly after coming in contact with water
(b) Fertilization in rabbit is helped by hyaluronidase which is present in eggs
(c) During fertilization in rabbit the entire sperm including tail enters egg
(d) In case of toad, fertilization takes place in moist soil
In the ovum of rabbit, graafian follicle is [MP PMT 1992]
(a) Oogonial cells
(b) Corpus luteum
(c) Corpus albicans
(d) Theca externa, theca interna, oocyte and follicle cells
Stroma is a term applied to [MP PMT 1993]
(a) Gall stone
(b) Ovarian follicles
(c) Connective tissue in which graffian follicles are embedded
(d) Connective tissue surrounding the seminiferous tubules
What is the female counterpart of prostate gland in the male (man) [MP PMT 1993]
(a) Bartholin’s gland (b) Uterus
(c) Clitoris (d) None of these
Corpus luteum in mammals is present in [MP PMT 1993]
(a) Heart and initiates atrial contraction
(b) Brain and connects the two cerebral hemispheres
(c) Ovaries and produces progesterone
(d) Skin and acts as a pain receptor
The female rabbit is [CPMT 1980, 89]
(a) Spontaneous ovulator (b) Seasonal ovulator
(c) Natural ovulator (d) Induced ovulator
The endometrium is the lining of [CPMT 1988]
(a) Bladder (b) Vagina
(c) Uterus (d) Oviduct
In ladies, the oviducts are cutted or removed surgically to avoid the chances of fertilization. This is called [DPMT 1993]
(a) Vasectomy
(b) Ovariodectomy
(c) Sterilization
(d) Tubectomy (Salpingectomy)
The structure formed after release of ova from graafian follicles and secretory in nature, is
[CPMT 1983; CBSE PMT 1999]
(a) Corpus callosum (b) Corpus luteum
(c) Corpus albicans (d) Corpus stratum
Corpus luteum is formed in
[MP PMT 1994, 96, 98; RPMT 2002]
(a) Ovary (b) Testes
(c) Brain (d) Kidney
Ovulation does not occur during pregnancy in the human female because
(a) The follicles are not influenced by the level of progesterone in the blood
(b) The corpus luteum and later the placenta produce large amounts of progesterone
(c) The corpus luteum generates as luteinising hormone is no longer produced
(d) The embryo produces hormones which retard the production of maternal follicle stimulating hormones
When pregnancy does not occur, the life of corpus luteum is about
(a) 10 days
(b) 14 days
(c) 28 days
(d) Corpus luteum is not found
Ripe ova are shed by ovaries into
(a) Oviducal funnel
(b) Coelom
(c) Oviduct
(d) Collecting tubules of kidney
An atretic follicle is
(a) Also known as corpus albicans
(b) That follicle which fails to mature and degenerates
(c) That follicle which has released the ovum
(d) None of these
Human uterus is
(a) Paired with well separated oviducts
(b) Single large chamber with posterior part of oviduct fused to it anteriorly
(c) Paired with partially fused oviducts
(d) A single large chamber with completely fused oviducts
Cervix lies between [MP PMT 2000]
(a) Oviduct and uterus (b) Uterus and vagina
(c) Vagina and clitoris (d) Clitoris and labia
Vaginal orifice, urethral orifice and clitoris are protected by
(a) Labia majora (b) Labia minora
(c) Vulva (d) Anus
Vestibular glands secrete
(a) Hormones (b) Enzymes
(c) Mucus (d) Digestive juice
The uteri and vagina lie in a fold of peritoneum called
(a) Mesorchium (b) Mesovarium
(c) Mesometrium (d) Peritoneal covering
The first stage of graafian follicular growth involves
(a) Addition of layers of granulosa cells
(b) Moderate enlargement of the ovum
(c) Formation of theca interna
(d) Formation of theca externa
Ovulation can be detected by
(a) Rise in basal body temperature
(b) Fern pattern of the cervical mucosa
(c) Urinary estradiol excretion
(d) Plasma cholestrol estimation
The cavity present in the graafian follicle is [KCET 2001]
(a) Amniotic cavity (b) Archenteron
(c) Antrum (d) Ostium
The ducts which carry milk from mammary glands to nipple are called
(a) Lactiferous sinuses (b) Lactiferous ducts
(c) Areola (d) All the above
The changes that occurs in female at the onset of puberty are
(a) The enlargement of breasts
(b) Beginning of menstrual cycle
(c) Stoppage of growth of long bone and height
(d) All the above
Transformation of a young follicle into graafian follicle is controlled by
(a) Progesterone
(b) Lactogenic hormone
(c) Follicular stimulating hormone
(d) Luteinising hormone
Note the relationship between the first two words and suggest a suitable word for the fourth place
Mesovarium : Ovary :: Mesometrium : ………….
(a) Clitoris (b) Uterus
(c) Testis (d) Penis
In woman cessation of menstruation occurs at the age of
[KCET 2000]
(a) 12–14 years (b) 45–58 years
(c) 60 years (d) Does not occur at all
In rabbit, the uterus is
(a) Bicornute (b) Multicornute
(c) Unicornute (d) Acornute
In human beings the median tube where the uterus opens independently is called
(a) Cervix (b) Clitoris
(c) Vagina (d) Cloaca
Menstruation cycle occurs
(a) In all mammals (b) In eutherian animals
(c) In metatherian animals (d) In all primates
Cessation of menstrual cycle in the human female is known as [AIIMS 2001]
(a) Ovulation (b) Puberty
(c) Menopause (d) Maturation
Which one of the following is least present in the endometrium during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle
(a) Cork screw-shaped uterine glands
(b) Ciliated cells
(c) Mitosis of stomal cells
(d) Straight arteries
The rupture of the graafian follicle and the release of ovum occurs under the influence of [Manipal 2005]
(a) LH (b) FSH
(c) MSH (d) GH
The menstrual cycle in normal adult woman is of
[MP PMT 1997]
(a) 48 days (b) 38 days
(c) 18 days (d) 28 days
Fimbriated funnel is [MP PMT 1998]
(a) Proximal part of oviduct (b) Uterus part
(c) Urinary bladder part (d) Ureter part
Fallopian tube is the part of [MP PMT 1999]
(a) Uterus (b) Ureter
(c) Oviduct (d) Vas deferens
Prepuberal period refers to a stage of [Pune CET 1998]
(a) Growth enlargement of organ systems and maturation of reproductive mechanisms
(b) Initiation of gonads
(c) Initiation of organs
(d) Maturation of gonads alone
The substance secreted by the corpus luteum is
[RPMT 1999]
(a) Hormone (b) Enzyme
(c) Pheromone (d) Bile
In the 28 day human ovarian cycle, the ovulation takes place typically on [BHU 2000]
(a) Day 1 of the cycle (b) Day 5 of the cycle
(c) Day 14 of the cycle (d) Day 28 of the cycle
The cyclic period of sexual activity in non-human female mammals is called [AFMC 2001]
(a) Menstruation (b) Luteinization
(c) Oogenesis (d) Estrous
In mammals the estrogens are secreted by the Graafian follicle from its [MP PMT 2001]
(a) External theca (b) Internal theca
(c) Zona Pellucida (d) Corona radiata
In human females at the time of birth there are two million ova: how many of them normally reach maturity in the course of normal reproductive life [MP PMT 2001]
(a) 500 (b) 1,000
(c) 2,000 (d) 5,000
Parturition duct in female is called [RPMT 2001]
(a) Uterus (b) Oviduct
(c) Vagina (d) Cervix
In human female which of the following is incorrect
[Orissa PMT 2002]
(a) Menstrual cycle takes 28 days
(b) Menopause occur at 45-55 years
(c) The ovulated egg released during pregnancy die
(d) Menstruation takes 4 days
If both ovaries are removed from a rat, then which hormone is decreased in blood [CBSE PMT 2002]
(a) Oxytocin (b) Estrogen
(c) Prolactin (d) Gonadotrophic
Bartholin’ s glands are situated [CBSE PMT 2003]
(a) On either side of vas deferens in humans
(b) On the sides of the head of frog
(c) At the reduced tail end of birds
(d) On either side of vagina in humans
Both corpus luteum and macula lutea are [AIIMS 2003]
(a) Found in human ovaries
(b) A source of hormones
(c) Characterized by a yellow colour
(d) Contributory in maintaining pregnancy
In mammals the female secondary sexual characters are developed by the hormone [MP PMT 2002]
(a) Relaxin (b) Estrogens
(c) Progesterone (d) Gonadotropins
Ovulation in the human female normally takes place during the menstrual cycle[CBSE PMT 2004]
(a) At the beginning of the proliferative phase
(b) At the end of the proliferative phase
(c) At the mid secretory phase
(d) Just before the end of the secretory phase
Sequence of hormones during menstrual cycle is
[Orissa JEE 2004]
(a) Oestrogen, progesterone and FSH
(b) Progesterone, oestrogen and FSH
(c) FSH, oestrogen and progesterone
(d) FSH, progesterone and oestrogen
Proliferation of endometrium of uterus in controlled by
[Kerala PMT 2004]
(a) Relaxin (b) Oxytocin
(c) Progesterone (d) Oestrogen
(e) Luteinizing
In the diagram of section of Graafian follicle, different parts are indicated by alphabets; choose the answer in which these alphabets have been correctly matched with the parts they indicate…….. [Kerala PMT 2004]
(a) A = Theca externa
B= Theca interna
C= Ovum
D= Cumulus oophorus
E= Antrum
F= Membrana granulosa
(b) A= Membrana granulosa
B= Theca externa
C= Ovum
D= Cumulus oophorus
E= Antrum
F = Theca interno
(c) A= Membrana granulosa
B= Theca interna
C= Ovum
D= Cumulus oophorus
E= Anturm
F= Theca externa
(d) A= Theca externa
B= Theca interna
C= Ovum
D= Membrana granulosa
E= Anturum
F= Cumulus oophorus
The estrous cycle occurs in
(a) Mouse
(b) Gorilla
(c) Chimpanzee
(d) Money
Corpus luteum is developed from [MHCET 2003]
(a) Oocyte (b) Nephrostome
(c) Graffian follicle (d) None of these
Choose the correct combination of labelling the hormonal control of female reprodcutive system [Kerala CET 2005]
(a) (a)–GnRH (b)–TSH (c)–LTH (d)–uterus
(b) (a)–GnRH (b)–LH/FSH (c)–estrogen or progestrone (d)–uterus
(c) (a)–GnRH (b)–STH (c)–LH (d)–uterus
(d) (a)–GnRH (b)–ACTH (c)–LH (d)–uterus
(e) (a)–GnRH (b)–LTH (c)–estrogen (d)–uterus
Which one of the following events is correctly matched with the time period in a normal menstrul cycle[AIIMS 2005]
(a) Release of egg : 5th day
(b) Endometrium regenerates : 5- 10 days
(c) Endometrium secretes nutrients for implantation : 11–18 days
(d) Rise in progesterone level : 1 – 15 days
Ovulation takes place in/on [Haryana PMT 2005]
(a) Ovary (b) About the 14th day
(c) Both of (a) and (b) (d) None of these
In human females ova are produced in [HP PMT 2005]
(a) Ovarian follicles (b) Oviduct
(c) Uterus (d) Vagina
Aldosterone is secreted by [Manipal 2005]
(a) Zona glomerulosa (b) Zona fasciculata
(c) Zona reticularis (d) Zona pellucida
FSH and LH is [Haryana PMT 2005]
(a) Vasopressin (b) Vitamin
(c) Gonadotropin (d) Enzyme
Menstrual cycle occurs in[Wardha 2005]
(a) Female primates (b) Human females
(c) Mammalian females (d) Rabbit
Gametogenesis
Testis produce [DPMT 1992]
(a) Sperms (b) Eggs
(c) Seeds (d) Spores
The process of releasing the ripe female gamete from the ovary is called [CPMT 1988]
(a) Parturition (b) Ovulation
(c) Fertilization (d) Implantation
Ovulation in mammals refers to
(a) Release of ovum from ovary
(b) Formation of primary oocyte in ovary
(c) Degeneration of unfertilized ovum
(d) Fertilization of mature ovum
Germ cells in mammalian gonads are produced by
[CPMT 1992, 93; MP PMT 1997, 2000]
(a) Only mitosis (b) Only meiosis
(c) Mitosis and meiosis both (d) Without cell division
The breakage of the membrane surrounding the acrosome in a mammalian sperm is [MP PMT 1994]
(a) Activation (b) Cavitation
(c) Agglutination (d) Capacitation
The acrosome plays important role in [MP PMT 1999, 2000]
(a) Motility of sperm
(b) Penetration of ovum by sperm
(c) The fusion of pronuclei of the gametes
(d) None of these
Which of the following statements is incorrect. Human spermatozoa normally
(a) At a concentration of 1 million/ml of ejaculate will fertilize the ovum
(b) Are released in large numbers after a few days abstinence
(c) Contain enzyme in their head which helps in penetration of ovum
(d) Move with the help of their tails
Survival time of sperms introduced into the vagina may be
(a) 1–2 days (b) 3–4 days
(c) 5–10 days (d) 1 week
The human sperms were first seen and discovered by
(a) Ernst Haeckel
(b) Hamm and Leeuwenhoek
(c) Louis Pasteur
(d) Robert Hooke
Polar bodies are formed during
(a) Spermatogenesis (b) Oogenesis
(c) Gametogenesis (d) Spermateleosis
In frog chromosome no. is reduced to half [BHU 2003]
(a) When 2nd polar body is separated
(b) When 2nd polar body is divided
(c) When 3rd polar body is separated
(d) When 1st polar body is separated
Nebenkern is a part of [KCET 2004]
(a) Foetus (b) Graafian follicle
(c) Human ovum (d) Human sperm
In mammalian sperm, spirally arranged mitochondria are present in [MHCET 2001]
(a) Head portion (b) Middle piece
(c) End piece of the tail (d) Principal piece of tail
Acrosome of sperm is formed from
[MP PMT 2004; CPMT 2005]
(a) Nucleus of spermatid
(b) Mitochondria of spermatid
(c) Golgi complex of spermatid
(d) Centrosome of spermatid
Sperm’s acrosome has [Manipal 2005]
(a) Hyaluronic acid and proacrosine
(b) Hyaluronic acid and fertilizin
(c) Hyaluronidase and proacrosin
(d) Fertilizin and proacrosin
A cross section at the midpoint of the middle piece of a human sperm will show[AIIMS 2005]
(a) Centriole, mitochondria and 9+2 arrangement of microtubules
(b) Centriole and mitochondria
(c) Mitochondria and 9+2 arrangement of microtubules
(d) 9+2 arrangement of microtubules only
Which of the following is ‘immortal’ [BHU 2005]
(a) Somatic cell (b) Glomerular cells
(c) Germ cells (d) Cells of pituitary
Sperms formed from 4 primary spermatocytes are
[CPMT 2005]
(a) 4 (b) 1
(c) 16 (d) 32
During embryonic development the establishment of polarity along anterior/posterior, dorsal/ventral or medial/lateral axis is called [CPMT 2005]
(a) Anamorphosis (b) Organizer phenomena
(c) Pattern formation (d) Axis formation
What do you mean by the term spermateleosis
[MH CET 2004; Manipal 2005]
(a) Conversion of spermatids to sperm
(b) Conversion of spermogohium to spermatid
(c) Conversion of spermatid to spermogonium
(d) Conversion of primary spermatocyte to secondary spermatocyte
Hormone responsible for metamorphosis in tadpole is
[Manipal 2005]
(a) Adrenaline (b) Thyroxine
(c) Aldasterone (d) Vasopressin
Phases of embryonic development
The branch of embryology which concerns with the study of abnormal embryonic development is termed as
[CBSE PMT 1992]
(a) Gerantology (b) Teratology
(c) Embryology (d) None of the above
The immatured stage eggs are called as [CBSE PMT 1993]
(a) Microlecithal (b) Oogenesis
(c) Oocyte (d) Zygote
The undifferentiated primordial germ cells are larger in size and their chromatin rich nuclei are distinct in
(a) Multiplication phase (b) Growth phase
(c) Maturation phase (d) All the above
In mammals growing oocytes are surrounded by special nutritive cells called
(a) Follicle cells (b) Nurse cells
(c) (a) and (b) both (d) None of the above
Process of spermatogenesis is under the regulatory influence of
(a) Oxytocin
(b) Vassopressin
(c) Follicle stimulating hormone
(d) Luteotrophic hormone
Among the following who is regarded to be the founder of modern embryology
(a) Aristotle (b) Newport
(c) Von Baer (d) Spallanzani
Normally the gametes are disease free in human beings or even in other animals because
(a) Germs cannot attack the gametes
(b) Gametes are immune to diseases
(c) The germplasm is segregated very early and is not subjected to diseases from which the somatic cells may suffer
(d) None of the above
Which of the following phase in development of a sperm has no counterpart in development of an ovum
(a) Polar body formation (b) Phase of multiplication
(c) Spermiogenesis (d) Phase of growth
Release of spermatozoa from urethra by male animals is called
(a) Spermatogenesis (b) Spermiogenesis
(c) Ejaculation (d) Insemination
Oogenesis comprises [MP PMT 1998]
(a) Multiplication phase (b) Growth phase
(c) Maturation phase (d) All the above
The process by which ova are formed is knwon as
[MP PMT 1999]
(a) Oogenesis (b) Ovulation
(c) Oviposition (d) Oviparity
How many ova and sperms would be produced from 100 secondary oocytes and 100 secondary spermatocytes during gametogenesis in human [CPMT 1999; JIPMER 2001]
(a) 100 ova, 100 sperms (b) 100 ova, 200 sperms
(c) 50 ova, 100 sperms (d) 200 ova, 200 sperms
Embryonic body form stage is characterised by
[Pune CET 1998]
(a) Basic body plan emerging
(b) Miniature adult features
(c) Stage of development resembling other species
(d) Tissues not fully formed
The period of preparation with reference to developmental phenomena in vertebrates means [Pune CET 1998]
(a) Formation of gastrula
(b) Formation of germ layers
(c) Tissue differentiation
(d) Parents preparation and elaboration of gametes
The rule of embryonic development was given by
[MH-CET 2000; CPMT 2003]
(a) Von baer (b) Haeckel
(c) Wallace (d) Morgan
The process of maturation of reproductive cells of testes in male so as to form the male gamete or sperm is known as
[AFMC 2003; Haryana PMT 2005]
(a) Spermatogenesis (b) Gametogenesis
(c) Oogenesis (d) None of these
Fertilization
In man sperms move after ejaculation at a rate of nearly
[CBSE PMT 1991]
(a) 2 to 4 mm/minute (b) 2 to 4 feet/minute
(c) 2 to 4 inches/minute (d) 2 to 4 cm/minute
What helps in the penetration of egg by the sperm
[MP PMT 1992]
(a) Fertilizin (b) Antifertilizin
(c) Sperm lysin (d) Fertilization membrane
Fertilizins are the substances emitted from [BHU 1985]
(a) Mature egg (b) Sperms
(c) Immature egg (d) Polar body
One of the minute cell which separates from the animal egg during maturation is known as [CPMT 1986, 90]
(a) Primary spermatogonia (b) Secondary oogonia
(c) Primary oogonia (d) Polar bodies
Fertilization occurs in human, rabbit and other placental mammals in
(d) Makes sperm head sticky to facilitate attachment of sperm to egg surface
To reduce the weight of spermatozoan and enhance its motility nucleus undergoes which of the following change
(a) Shrinks by losing water from nuclear sap
(b) Chromosomes are closely packed
(c) RNA is removed
(d) All the above
Normally the number of chromosomes in the nuclei of gametes that fuse at fertilization are [MP PMT 1995]
(a) Innumerable (b) Dissimilar
(c) Similar (d) None of the above
In sexually reproducing animals the union of male and female gamete forms a cell which is called [MP PMT 1995]
(a) Ovarian cell (b) Oocyte
(c) Zygote (d) Graafian follicle
Movement of sperm is done by [MP PMT 1996, 99]
(a) Tail (b) Head
(c) Acrosome (d) Middle piece
When sex is determined at the time of fertilization, it is known as
(a) Progamic (b) Syngamic
(c) Epigamic (d) All the above
Fertilizin is a chemical substance produced from
[CBSE PMT 1997]
(a) Mature eggs (b) Acrosome
(c) Polar bodies (d) Middle piece of sperm
Fertilization is depicted by the condition [DPMT 2003]
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
The sperm penetrates the ovum mainly [AIEEE 2004]
(a) Mechanically (b) Chemically
(c) Electrostatically (d) Thermally
Syngamy is the process in which
(a) Male gamete fuses with female gamete
(b) Pollen tube enters into the ovule through micropyle
(c) Pollen tube enter into the ovule through chalaza
(d) Vegetative cell and tube cell fuse
Cleavage
Which mammals have more yolk than cytoplasm in their eggs [MP PMT 1992]
(a) Placental mammals (b) Aquatic mammals
(c) Marsupials (d) Egg laying mammals
In determinate cleavage, the spindle is [MP PMT 1992]
(a) Vertical (b) Horizontal
(c) Sub-equatorial (d) Oblique
The fertilized egg divides by the process of [DPMT 1982]
(a) Regeneration (b) Oogenesis
(c) Cleavage (d) Invagination
If the first cleavage furrow divides the zygote completely into two, the cleavage type is [MP PMT 1992]
(a) Radial (b) Equatorial
(c) Meroblastic (d) Holoblastic
The only human system that is derived from all the three germ layers is [DPMT 1992]
(a) Digestive system (b) Excretory system
(c) Respiratory system (d) Nervous system
The epidermis of the skin is derived from the germinal layer
[CPMT 1992]
(a) Mesoderm (b) Endoderm
(c) Ectoderm (d) Neuro–endoderm
If an unfertilized egg is pricked with a micro needle, it will
[NCERT 1973]
(a) Die immediately
(b) Start dividing
(c) Will remain undivided
(d) Transform into a tadpole at a faster rate
Type of cleavage found in mammals is [CPMT 1988]
(a) Holoblastic (b) Meroblastic
(c) Superficial (d) None of the above
A freshly unfertilized egg of hen contains [CPMT 1979]
(a) One cell (b) 100 cells
(c) 1,000 cells (d) 10,000 cells
The blastopore develops into future
[CPMT 1976; DPMT 1985; JIPMER 2002]
(a) Mouth (b) Ear
(c) Anus (d) Neuropore
How many cleavages are completed in 16 celled stage of egg. [CPMT 1975]
(a) 3 (b) 4
(c) 8 (d) 12
Formation of segmentation cavity shows
[MP PMT 1993; DPMT 1993]
(a) Rearrangement of cells (b) Blastula stage
(c) Epiboly (d) Emboly
Unfertilized egg of human contains or When released from ovary, human egg contains
[CBSE PMT 1991, 92; MP PMT 1993, 99]
(a) One Y chromosome (b) X and Y chromosome
(c) XX chromosome (d) One X chromosome
Egg of rabbit and man are
[BHU 1982, 85; CPMT 1973; CBSE PMT 1993;
RPMT 1999; Pb. PMT 1999]
(a) Microlecithal (b) Megalecithal
(c) Telolecithal (d) Isolecithal
Massive amount of yolk present in the vegetal region of the egg, makes an egg [AMU 1989]
(a) Oligolecithal (b) Mesolecithal
(c) Telolecithal (d) Centrolecithal
Cleidoic eggs are found in
[MP PMT 1988, 02; CMC Vellore 1993; BVP 2001]
(a) Birds (b) Mammals
(c) Annelids (d) Molluscs
In some eggs, future organs can be demarcated even before cleavage begins. This type of development is called
[MP PMT 1988]
(a) Mosaic development (b) Regulatory development
(c) Gynogenesis (d) None of the above
Periblastula is found in [CBSE PMT 1988]
(a) Man (b) Insects
(c) Sycon (d) Reptiles
The cleavage is such method of divisions of fertilized egg in which the egg [MP PMT 1993]
(a) Does not divide but only increase in size
(b) Divides repeatedly but without growth
(c) Divides repeatedly and grows
(d) None of these
What is true about cleavage in the fertilised egg in humans
[CBSE PMT 1994; AFMC 1999]
(a) It is meroblastic
(b) It starts while the egg is in fallopian tube
(c) It is identical to the normal mitosis
(d) It starts when the egg reaches in uterus
Meridional cleavage results in blastomeres numbering
(a) 8 (b) 4
(c) 10 (d) 16
Mammalian eggs have [CPMT 1973]
(a) No yolk at all
(b) Small amount of yolk
(c) Large amount of yolk
(d) Large amount of yolk concentrated at one pole
Epiboly is the process of [CBSE PMT 1992]
(a) Mass migration of cells from the animal hemisphere so that upper micromeres begin to migrate over the edge of the dorsal lip and roll inside and are tucked beneath the outer layer
(b) Over growth when the micromeres divide rapidly and begin to spread downwards over the megameres except at the yolk plug
(c) Rotation of gastrula within the vitelline membrane so that the animal pole becomes anterior
(d) Formation of a small slit like invagination occuring on the gray crescent
Coelom derived from blastocoel is known as
[CBSE PMT 1994; CPMT 2002]
(a) Pseudocoelom (b) Enterocoelom
(c) Haemocoel (d) Schizocoel
Human eggs are
[CBSE PMT 1991; MP PMT 1997, 99, 2000,02]
(a) Microlecithal (b) Alecithal
(c) Macrolecithal (d) Mesolecithal
Eggs of reptiles and birds are
[NCERT 1982; KCET 1994; BHU 1995; CPMT 2000]
(a) Alecithal (b) Isolecithal
(c) Telolecithal (d) Homolecithal
Cleavage divisions differ from normal mitotic divisions in that [MP PMT 1994]
(a) There is no nuclear division during cleavage
(b) There is no division of the cytoplasm during cleavage
(c) There is no period of growth in between the divisions
(d) The division of the cytoplasm follows nuclear divisions
The eggs of elephant are [DPMT 1984]
(a) Macrolecithal and centrolecithal
(b) Microlecithal and telolecithal
(c) Mesolecithal and homolecithal
(d) Microlecithal and isolecithal
A blastula which is solid, is known as
(a) Stereoblastula (b) Coeloblastula
(c) Superficial blastula (d) Discoblastula
Which one of the following statements with regard to embryonic development in humans is correct [AIIMS 2003]
(a) Cleavage division bring about considerable increase in the mass of protoplasm
(b) In the second cleavage division, one of the two blastomeres usually divides a little sooner than the second
(c) With more cleavage divisions, the resultant blastomeres become larger and larger
(d) Cleavage division results in a hollow ball of cells called morula
Tertiary egg membranes are lacking in mammals with the exception of the
(a) Euetherians (b) Metatherians
(c) Prototherians (d) None of the above
The eggs in which fate of every part of the egg becomes fixed are called
(a) Cleidoic eggs (b) Non-cleidoic eggs
(c) Mosaic eggs (d) Regulative eggs
In macro and telolecithal eggs site of amphimixis lies in the
(a) Centre of active cytoplasm at the animal pole
(b) Near the centre of the egg
(c) Centre of active cytoplasm at the vegetal pole
(d) All the above
In spiral cleavage turn of spiral may be
(a) Clockwise (b) Anticlockwise
(c) (a) and (b) both (d) None of these
Unit cell of blastula is
(a) Micromere (b) Megamere
(c) Blastomere (d) None of the above
Yolk of egg in the vertebrates is formed in
(a) Ovum (b) Lungs
(c) Liver (d) Kidney
In the egg of bird, shell and shell membranes are
(a) Permeable to and
(b) Permeable to water only
(c) Permeable to air only
(d) Non-permeable
In teleosts, reptiles and birds the cleavage pattern is
Vegetal hemisphere of egg consists of [MP PMT 2000]
(a) Yolk (b) Pigment
(c) Grey crescent (d) Germinal vesicle
In indeterminate cleavage the fate of blastomeres is fixed at which of the following stage [RPMT 2000]
(a) Blastula (b) Gastrulation
(c) 32-celled stage (d) 64-celled stage
Microlecithal eggs are found in [RPMT 2001; MP PMT 2003]
(a) Reptilia + Aves
(b) Amphibia + Aves + Reptilia
(c) Reptilia + Aves + Chiroptera
(d) Eutheria
Cledoic egg is an adaptation to [RPMT 2001]
(a) Aquatic life (b) Marine life
(c) Terrestrial life (d) Aerial life
In mammals egg are microlecithal and isolecithal because these are [RPMT 2001]
(a) Oviparous (b) Viviparous
(c) Ovoviviparous (d) None of these
In frog equal holoblastic cleavage does not found due to
[RPMT 2001]
(a) A dark pigment in animal pole
(b) Heavy yolk in vegetal pole
(c) Yolk concentrated in center of egg
(d) Nucleus is assymetrical in position
In which of the following animal cleavage divisions are restricted to a small part of cytoplasm & nucleus in animal pole of egg [RPMT 2002]
(a) Cockroach (b) Frog
(c) Chick (d) Rabbit
Select the correct statement [Orissa PMT 2002]
(a) Cleavage follows gastrulation
(b) Yolk content of egg has no role in cleavage
(c) Cleavage is repeated mitotic division of zygote
(d) Gastrulation & blastulation are followed by each other
Implantation and Gastrulation
Pseudopregnancy is a physiological condition comparable to normal pregnancy except that there is no [AMU 1989]
(a) Developing ovum (b) Developing foetus
(c) Corpus luteum (d) Endometrial changes
Which of the embryo has parasite mode of nutrition.
[CPMT 1980; BHU 1980]
(a) Bird’s embryo (b) Amphibian embryo
(c) Reptilian embryo (d) Mammalian embryo
Implantation of egg is followed by
(a) Fertilization (b) Copulation
(c) Parturition (d) Gestation
If the nuclei from an 8–celled stage of an embryo are transplanted into enucleated eggs, which of the following events is likely to occur [MP PMT 1990]
(a) Formation of viable embryo in the recipient eggs
(b) Donor nuclei die in the new environment
(c) Cleavage occurs but is arrested after some time
(d) Recipient egg dies
Implantation is the process of [MP PMT 2002]
(a) Fertilization of egg
(b) Movement of egg
(c) Degeneration of egg
(d) Attachment of blastocyst to the uterine wall
In human female the fertilized eggs gets implanted in uterus
(a) After two months of fertilization
(b) After one month of fertilization
(c) After 3 weeks of fertilization
(d) After about 7 days of fertilization
Which one of the following list contains only the mesodermal structures [MP PMT 1992]
(a) Muscles, blood, notochord, liver
(b) Bones, blood, heart, liver
(c) Muscles, blood, heart, liver
(d) Bones, blood, heart, notochord
The endodermel derivatives include [AIIMS 1987]
(a) Thyroid (b) Pineal gland
(c) Spleen (d) Pituitary
During gastrulation ……. is formed
[CPMT 1978; DPMT 1992]
(a) Heart (b) Gill
(c) Archenteron (d) Vitelline membrane
Mesoderm gives rise to all the structures except
[NCERT 1984]
(a) Nervous system (b) Muscular system
(c) Circulatory system (d) Gonads
The nerve cells, brain and spinal cord or central nervous system develops from embryonic
[CPMT 1974, 75, 80, 84; AFMC 1985; RPMT 2000]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Endoderm
(c) Mesoderm (d) Both (a) and (b)
The yolk plug is a structure in gastrula which is formed by the protrusion of
(a) Endodermal cells (b) Endo–mesodermal cells
(c) Ectodermal cells (d) Mesodermal cells
After gastrulation the roof of archenteron is formed by
[CPMT 1987]
(a) Neural plate (b) Mesoderm
(c) Ectoderm (d) Chorda–mesoderm
Formation of notochord or the central axial chord in vertebrates is known as [CPMT 1972]
(a) Neurulation (b) Blastulation
(c) Morulation (d) Notogenesis
The rolling of endodermal and mesodermal cells from the surface of embryo into its interior is called
[MP PMT 1987; CBSE PMT 1993]
(a) Ingression (b) Invagination
(c) Involution (d) Inversion
Vascular system and excretory organs are developed from
[CPMT 1990; KCET 1994]
(a) Mesoderm (b) Ectoderm
(c) Endoderm (d) None of the above
Gastrulation is the process which involves the differentiation of the following layers in a vertebrate embryo [NCERT 1981]
(a) Ectoderm and mesoderm
(b) Ectoderm and endoderm
(c) Endoderm and mesoderm
(d) Ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm
Which of the following is correct
[CPMT 1984; MP PMT 1988, 98]
(a) Mesoderm produces brain
(b) Ectoderm produces liver
(c) Mesoderm produces skeleton
(d) Endoderm produces heart
Blastopore is found in
[NCERT 1976; CPMT 1971, 74, 76, 79, 80, 81;
DPMT 1993; MP PMT 1996]
(a) Gastrula (b) Blastula
(c) Morula (d) Neurula
The skeleton and muscles originate in the development from or During embryonic development endoskeleton and muscles develop from which germinal layer
[CPMT 1979; MP PMT 1996]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Endoderm
(c) Mesoderm (d) Yolk plug
Which one of the following is derived from ectoderm
[DPMT 1993]
(a) Enamel of teeth (b) Dentine
(c) Skull (d) Axial skeleton
The cavity of gastrula is called
[AFMC 1985; MH-CET 2003]
(a) Blastocoel (b) Coelom
(c) Archenteron (d) Haemocoel
Gonads are derived from embryonic [CBSE PMT 1990]
(a) Mesoderm
(b) Endoderm
(c) Ectoderm
(d) Mesoderm and endoderm
Archenteron is lined with [CPMT 1993]
(a) Ectoderm
(b) Mesoderm
(c) Endoderm
(d) Mesoderm and endoderm
During the development of an embryo, migration and rearrangement of cells lead to a pattern formation known as
[MP PMT 1994]
(a) Epiboly (b) Emboly
(c) Involution (d) Gastrulation
The mammalian primitive streak gives rise to
[MP PMT 1994]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Mesoderm
(c) Endoderm (d) Germ layers
Pasteels (1945) described gastrulation takes place in aves by
(a) Infiltration (b) Delamination
(c) Concrescence (d) Polyinvagination
During gastrulation the dorsal lip of blastopore (1 external sign of gastrulation) appears
(a) Anteriorly in the pigmented area of egg
(b) Posteriorly in the yolky cytoplasmic area
(c) In the centre of the egg
(d) Behind the grey crescent area
Brain originates from which germ layer [RPMT 1995]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Mesoderm
(c) Endoderm (d) Ectomesoderm
In the first phase of gastrulation of amphibians there occurs the separation of
(a) Ectoderm (b) Mesoderm
(c) Endoderm (d) Mesoectoderm
In which order, three germ layers appear in the development
(a) Ectoderm–mesoderm–endoderm
(b) Ectoderm–endoderm–mesoderm
(c) Mesoderm–endoderm–ectoderm
(d) None of the above
In which stage is blastocoele formed [MP PMT 1999]
(a) Morula (b) Blastula
(c) Gastrula (d) None of these
The structure which differentiate gastrula from blastula
[RPMT 1999]
(a) 3 germ layers (b) Micromeres
(c) Blastocoel (d) None of these
Coelom is found between the cavity of [BHU 2000]
(a) Ectoderm and endoderm (b) Mesoderm and ectoderm
(c) Body wall and ectoderm (d) Mesoderm and body wall
In which stage of development the embryonic cells form the germinal layers by the movement [RPMT 2001]
(a) Morula (b) Blastula
(c) Gastrula (d) Neurula
Neurulation and Organogenesis
The human embryo is about one inch in length after
[CPMT 1987]
(a) 2 weeks (b) 4 weeks
(c) 6 weeks (d) 8 weeks
The concept that organiser is essential for embryonic development was given by or For the ‘Theory of organiser’, Nobel prize was given to [CBSE PMT 1990; AFMC 1993]
(a) J. Axelrod (b) C. Landsteiner
(c) H. Spemann (d) I.P. Pavlov
Which of the following develops from ectoderm
[DPMT 1986, 97]
(a) Spinal cord and brain
(b) Liver and heart
(c) Notochord and vertebral column
(d) Eye and skin
Nervous system in vertebrates develops from
[CPMT 1989, 95]
(a) Endoderm
(b) Ectoderm
(c) Mesoderm
(d) Endoderm and mesoderm both
The central nervous system develops as a result of
[BHU 1977]
(a) Metamorphosis (b) Gastrulation
(c) Neurulation (d) Invagination
In vertebrates the central nervous system devlops under the influence of [CPMT 1978]
(a) Pituitary hormones
(b) Phospholipids
(c) Glycolipids
(d) Phospholipids and glycolipids
The development of eye in vertebrate embryology is studied under [CMC Vellore 1978]
(a) Notogenesis (b) Neurogenesis
(c) Mesogenesis (d) Organogenesis
Development of structure and shape of an organism is
[CBSE PMT 1993]
(a) Morphology (b) Multiplication
(c) Morphogenesis (d) Budding
At the end of first meiotic division, the male germ cells differentiate into [MP PMT 1994]
(a) Spermatogonium (b) Primary spermatocyte
(c) Secondary spermatocyte (d) Spermatid
From which embryonic structure develops the vertebral column [CPMT 1972, 78]
(a) Neural canal (b) Archenteron
(c) Notochord (d) Blastocoel
Internal ear develops from [CPMT 1973]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Endoderm
(c) Mesoderm (d) None of the above
In the embryonic development of chordate the animal pole forms one of the following of the adult [CPMT 1983]
(a) Dorsal side (b) Ventral side
(c) Head (d) Tail
Which of the following is correct statement
[CBSE PMT 1990]
(a) In blastulation major presumptive and organ forming areas are segregated into definite points of the blastoderm
(b) Blastulation establishes the three germinal layers
(c) Blastulation of frog is known as discoblastula
(d) Fluid filled space in blastula is known as archenteron
Match the items ABCD of table ‘A’ with that of items in table ‘B’ then the correct pairing sequence of ABCD will be
‘A’ ‘B’
Cleavage 1. Formation of 3 germ layers
Gastrulation 2. Formation of embryo spinal cord
Neurulation 3. Results in formation of skeleton and muscles from mesoderm
Organogenesis 4. Pattern depends on the amount and distribution of yolk
(a) 4, 1, 2, 3 (b) 2, 3, 1, 4
(c) 4, 2, 3, 1 (d) 3, 1, 2, 4
Spleen develops from [CPMT 1995]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Mesoderm
(c) Endoderm (d) None of the above
When mouth develops from blastopore, the organism is called [AFMC 1995]
(a) Deutrostomia (b) Protostomia
(c) Blastostomia (d) None of these
Neural canal develops from [Bihar MDAT 1995]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Mesoderm
(c) Endoderm (d) All the above
(e) None of the above
Skeletal muscle develops from [Manipal 1995; CPMT 2004]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Mesoderm
(c) Endoderm (d) All of the above
In vertebrates the nails are formed from
(a) Ectoderm (b) Mesoderm
(c) Endoderm (d) Ecto-mesoderm
True coelom is a space between the body wall and alimentary canal. It is lined by [CBSE PMT 1996]
(a) Mesoderm on one side and ectoderm on the other side
(b) Endoderm on one side and ectoderm on the other side
(c) Mesoderm on both the sides
(d) Ectoderm on both the sides
Which cavity arises by the invagination of endoderm and mesoderm [MP PMT 1996]
(a) Coelenteron (b) Archenteron
(c) Pseudocoel (d) Coelom
In Pheretima mouth develops from which of the following
[RPMT 2000]
(a) Mesoderm (b) Ectoderm
(c) Blastopore (d) Endoderm
The yolk plug of gastrula represents in the later stage its
[MP PMT 1998]
(a) Anterior end (b) Posterior end
(c) Dorsal side (d) Ventral side
From which layer of the embryo do the liver and pancreas develop [MP PMT 1998]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Mesoderm
(c) Endoderm (d) Both (a) and (c)
Eye is developed from [CPMT 1998; MH-CET 2002]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Mesoderm
(c) Endoderm (d) Ecto–endoderm
In the development of the human body, the ectoderm is responsible for the formation of [Pb. PMT 1999]
(a) Sweat glands (b) Nervous system
(c) Lens of the eye (d) All of these
Proctodaeum in rabbit is [RPMT 2001]
(a) A part of large intestine lined by ectoderm
(b) A part of large intestine lined by endoderm
(c) A part of large intestine lined by mesoderm
(d) Embryonic intestine
The origin of kidney and ureter in Rana tigrina is
[CPMT 2004]
(a) All mesodermal
(b) All endodermal
(c) Ectodermal and mesodermal
(d) Mesodermal and endodermal
Pituitary gland is derived from [MHCET 2004]
(a) Ectoderm (b) Endoderm
(c) Mesoderm (d) None of these
Which one of the following parts serves the function of primary organizer in frog [CPMT 2005]
(a) Dorsal tip of gastrula
(b) Grey crescent area of frog
(c) Chorda-mesoderm of gastrula
(d) Any of the above
Extra embryonic membrane
The embryo of man is protected by
[AFMC 1986; DPMT 1993]
(a) Amniotic cavity (b) Peritoneal cavity
(c) Pleural cavity (d) Allantois
Amniotic fluid protects the foetus from [BHU 1982, 85]
(a) Degeneration (b) Jerks
(c) Encystment (d) None
All extra embryonic membranes
(a) Take part in the formation of embryo
(b) Does not take part in the embryo formation
(c) Form the placenta
(d) Perform the function of excretion of embryo
The allantois has the similar layers as present in the yolk sac. These are
(a) Outer mesoderm and inner endoderm
(b) Outer endoderm and inner mesoderm
(c) Outer endoderm and inner ectoderm
(d) Outer endoderm and inner endoderm
In early haemopoietic tissue of embryo, there is
(a) Chorion (b) Amnion
(c) Allantois (d) Yolk sac
The respiratory function of embryo is performed by
(a) Chorion (b) Amnion
(c) Allantois (d) Yolk sac
Urinary bladder of the embryo is or Which is the urinary bladder of child placed in the womb [MP PMT 1995]
(a) Yolk sac
(b) Allantois
(c) Amnion
(d) Chorion and allantois both
The shock absorber fluid of the developing embryo is known as [DPMT 1993]
(a) Chorionic fluid (b) Amniotic fluid
(c) Allantoic fluid (d) Coelomic fluid
Allantois develops from the embryonic
(a) Fore gut (b) Mid gut
(c) Hind gut (d) Tail region
In man the foetal membrane which forms the intimate connection with the uterine tissue is [MP PMT 2002, 03]
(a) Amnion only
(b) Chorion only
(c) Allantois only
(d) Allanto–chorionic structure
The main function of tropho ectoderm in mammalian embryo is [Kerela CET 2003]
(a) Protection of the developing cells
(b) Drawing food for the developing cells
(c) Formation of yolksac
(d) Formation of body of developing embryo
Foetal membranes provide [MP PMT 1993]
(a) Protection to embryo
(b) Nutrition to embryo
(c) Protection and nutrition to embryo
(d) None of these
Amnion helps in [MP PMT 1994, 96; BHU 1985]
(a) Respiration (b) Excretion
(c) Nutrition (d) Protection from shocks
The amniotic fluid is taken out with the help of surgical needle and separation of the embryo cells present in this fluid is done by
(a) Amniotic fluid study (b) Amniocentesis
(c) Centrifugation (d) None of these
Amniotic fluid is found in
(a) Uterus (b) Scrotal sac
(c) Kidney (d) Liver
In mammals the chorion and the allantois together form
[MP PMT 1994]
(a) Placenta (b) Endometrium
(c) Uterus (d) Yolk sac
A hatching egg of chick is covered by plaster of paris. It is harmful for [AFMC 1983]
(a) Mother (b) Respiration
(c) Excretion (d) None of these
The plasma membrane of oocyte and that of follicle cells show close connections at some points in the form of
(a) Microvilli (b) Desmosomes
(c) Cytoplasmic processes (d) None of the above
Which of the following is an embryonic connective tissue
(a) Endometrium (b) Mediastinum
(c) Mesenchyme (d) Endothelium
Mammalian embryo is directly surrounded by
(a) Amniotic cavity (b) Allantoic cavity
(c) Primary digestive cavity (d) Yolk sac cavity
Chorion is composed of
(a) Cytotrophoderm
(b) Syncytial trophoblast
(c) Outer ectoderm and somatic mesoderm
(d) All the above
The foetal membrane which is the source of first blood corpuscle to enter the circulation of the embryo is called
[MP PMT 1995]
(a) Amnion (b) Chorion
(c) Trophoblast (d) Yolk sac
Function of allantois in mammal is
[AIIMS 1984; MP PMT 1996, 99]
(a) Respiration only
(b) Excretion
(c) Nutrition, excretion and respiration
(d) Protection from shocks
The function of amniotic cavity is [MP PMT 1999]
(a) Respiraiton
(b) Protection from desiccation and shocks
(c) Protection from desiccation
(d) Protection from shocks
The extra embryonic membranes of the mammalian embryo are derived from [BHU 1999; 2004]
(a) Formative cells (b) Follicle cells
(c) Trophoblast (d) Inner cell mass
The number of foetal membranes in man is [MP PMT 2002]
(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) 0
Thickness of vitelline membrane is about
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
Placenta
The villi which are formed by the allantochorion to form the intimate connection with uterine endometrium functions as
(a) Gaseous exchange organ only
(b) Attachment arrangement only
(c) Placental structure
(d) None of the above
The layer of uterus which becomes much eroded due to placental villi is known as [CPMT 1992]
(a) Endothelium (b) Endometrium
(c) Endoderm (d) Trophoblast
Placenta is present in [DPMT 1992]
(a) All mammals (b) Metatherians
(c) Eutherians (d) Prototherians
To ensure effectiveness of reproduction in mammals
[CPMT 1975]
(a) Formation of yolk sac (b) Retention of yolk sac
(c) Reduced number of egg (d) Formation of placenta
The role of placenta is [BHU 1980; CPMT 1971, 81]
(a) To convey nerve impulses
(b) To act as storage organ
(c) To protect embryo from shocks
(d) To provide nutrition for developing embryo
Placenta produced which hormone [Haryana PMT 2005]
(a) ACTH (b) Progesterone
(c) GH (d) Gastrin
The eutherian placenta is derived from or In mammals placenta is formed by
[DPMT 1982; BHU 1989; MP PMT 1996]
(a) Yolk sac (b) Amnion
(c) Allantois (d) Chorion allantois
Placenta is formed from
(a) Maternal part only
(b) Embryonic part only
(c) Maternal and foetal portions both
(d) None of the above
Zonary placenta is found in [BHU 1980]
(a) Carnivore mammals (b) Herbivore mammals
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above
Placenta has an outer layer which is selectively permeable and hormone secreting which is known as [CPMT 1987]
(a) Trophoblast (b) Chorion
(c) Amnion (d) Mesoderm
In man developing embryo remains in [CPMT 1988]
(a) Vagina (b) Uterus
(c) Fallopian tube (d) Ovaries
Placenta is the region, where [AFMC 1983]
(a) Foetus is supplied by maternal blood
(b) Embryo is attached to mother by umbilical cord
(c) Foetus receives maternal blood and nutrition
(d) Embryo is enclosed by membranes
In which of the following the placenta forms an important structure in development [CPMT 1980]
(a) Amphibian (b) Reptiles
(c) Birds (d) Mammals
Which of the following substances can pass through the placenta from the mother into foetus
(a) Proteins (b) Viruses of small pox
(c) WBCs (d) RBCs
In a simplest type of placenta the foetal blood is separated from the maternal blood by six barriers. How many barriers are lost in human placenta
(a) One (b) Two
(c) Three (d) Four
The animals in which complete embryo develops in the mother’s body through placenta are
(a) Oviparous (b) Viviparous
(c) Ovo-viviparous (d) Herbivorous
Blood flowing in umbilical cord is
(a) 50% maternal and 50% foetal
(b) 100% foetal
(c) 100% maternal
(d) 75% maternal and 25% foetal
Placenta acts like a
(a) Semipermeable membrane
(b) Fully permeable membrane
(c) Impermeable membrane
(d) None of the above
Which of the following structure is lacking from the placenta
(a) Arteries (b) Veins
(c) Smooth muscles (d) Nerves
Endometrium is found in [CPMT 1994]
(a) Placenta of mammals (b) Nipple of mammals
(c) Uterus of mammals (d) None of these
Which one of the following develops from the trophoblast
(a) Placenta (b) Allantois
(c) Epidermis of the skin (d) Yolk sac
The placenta of human beings belong to the category of
[BHU 1982; AIIMS 1998; MP PMT 1994]
(a) Haemo-chorialis (b) Syndesmo-chorialis
(c) Endothelio-chorialis (d) Epithelio-chorialis
The type of placenta found in human beings is of type
[MP PMT 2002]
(a) Diffuse (b) Zonary
(c) Cotyledonary (d) Discoidal
The extra structure that provides nutrition to the embryo is
[BHU 2005]
(a) Umbilicus (b) Amnion
(c) Chorion (d) Placenta
Structure connecting the foetus to placenta is[Manipal 2005]
(a) Umbilical cord (b) Amnion
(c) Yolk sac (d) Chorion
Gestation period and parturition
The gestation period of elephants is about [BHU 1985]
(a) 11 months (b) 10 months
(c) 15 months (d) 22 months
The shortest gestation period is seen in [CBSE PMT 1993]
(a) Man (b) Elephant
(c) Cat (d) Mouse
The layer of uterus which becomes much eroded due to placental villi is known as [CPMT 1992]
(a) Endothelium (b) Endometrium
(c) Endoderm (d) Trophoblast
The longest gestation period is found in
(a) Elephant (b) Gorilla
(c) Chimpanzee (d) Man
The gestation period of rabbit is [CPMT 1980; DPMT 1985]
(a) 28–32 days (b) 20–25 days
(c) 60–70 days (d) 80–90 days
Gestation period in human beings is about [BHU 1982, 85]
(a) 10 weeks (b) 28 weeks
(c) 32 weeks (d) 36 weeks
Gestation period is the duration [MP PMT 1988]
(a) Of fertilization
(b) Between egg growth and ovulation
(c) Between fertilization and parturition
(d) None of the above
Largest growth of human foetus is done in
(a) month (b) month
(c) month (d) month
Development of frog
Development of sexual reproductive organs in larval condition is known as
(a) Autogamy (b) Isogamy
(c) Anisogamy (d) Neoteny or paedogenesis
Insect metamorphosis having larval stage is called
[AFMC 1994]
(a) Retrogressive metamorphosis
(b) Complete metamorphosis
(c) Incomplete metamorphosis
(d) Heteromorphosis
Which of the following is a good example of metamorphosis
[CPMT 1981]
(a) Reduction of tail to coccyx in man
(b) Hatching of a caterpillar from the egg of a butterfly
(a) Aseptate and multinucleate (b) Septate and multinucleate (c) Aseptate and uninucleate (d) Septate and uninucleate Answer. (b) The mycelium of Aspergillus consist of branch septate hyphae. Cells of hyphae are multinucleate. (184)
(a) Parenchyma (b) Chlorenchyma (c) Plectenchyma (d) Collenchyma Answer. (c) Plectenchyma (Pseudoparenchyma) is nothing but the interwoven mass of fungal mycelium which in cross-section look like parenchyma. (104)
(a) Colletotrichum falcatum (b) Phytophthora infestans (c) Potato mosiac virus (d) Alternaria solani Answer. (b) Late blight of potato is a seed born disease which is caused by Phytophthora infestans. The disease is characterised by brownish to blackish dead areas …
